Reference Guide
Steel Grades India – International Material Equivalents
EN | AISI/SAE | IS | DIN | JIS (Japan) | GB (China) — with typical heat treatment process and common applications.
By Goswami Heat Treatment Centre
Plain Carbon Steels
Low / Medium / High carbon steels used for general engineering components.
| Sub-Category | EN | AISI / SAE | IS | DIN | JIS (Japan) | GB (China) | Typical Process | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low Carbon | EN3B | 1018 / 1020 | 20C8 | C15 / C20 | S15C / S20C | 15# / 20# | Annealing, Normalizing | Brackets, plates, light shafts |
| Medium Carbon | EN8 | 1040 / 1045 | 40C8 / 45C8 | C45 | S45C | 45# | Hardening + Tempering | Shafts, pins, studs |
| High Carbon | EN9 | 1060 | 60C8 | C60 | S55C | 60# | Hardening + Tempering | Wear parts, tools |
Alloy Steels (Q&T)
Cr-Mo and Ni-Cr-Mo steels for higher strength and toughness.
| Type | EN | AISI / SAE | DIN | JIS (Japan) | GB (China) | Typical Process | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cr-Mo | EN19 | 4140 / 4142 | 42CrMo4 | SCM440 | 42CrMo | Hardening + Tempering | Heavy shafts, couplings, studs |
| Ni-Cr-Mo | EN24 | 4340 | 34CrNiMo6 | SNCM439 | 40CrNiMoA | Hardening + Tempering | Gears (core), high load components |
Case Hardening Steels (Carburizing Grades)
Low carbon alloy grades used for hard case + tough core.
| Grade Type | EN / DIN | AISI / SAE | IS | JIS (Japan) | GB (China) | Typical Process | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mn-Cr | 20MnCr5 | — | 20MnCr5 | SCM420 / SCr420 | 20CrMnTi | Case Hardening | Gears, pinions, sprockets |
| Ni-Cr-Mo | EN353 | 8620 | EN353 | SCM415 | 20Cr | Case Hardening | Cams, bushes, transmission parts |
Bearing Steels
High carbon chromium steels for high wear resistance.
| EN | AISI / SAE | DIN | JIS (Japan) | GB (China) | Typical Process | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EN31 | 52100 | 100Cr6 | SUJ2 | GCr15 | Hardening + Low Temper | Bearing races, rollers, wear rings |
Spring Steels
High resilience steels for dynamic & cyclic load applications.
| EN | AISI / SAE | IS | DIN | JIS (Japan) | GB (China) | Typical Process | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EN45 | 5160 | 55Si7 | 55Si7 | SUP9 | 60Si2Mn | Hardening + Spring Temper | Leaf & coil springs |
| EN42J | — | — | — | — | — | Hardening + Tempering | Precision springs, clips |
Tool Steels – Cold Work
High wear-resistance grades used for punches, dies and cutting tools.
| AISI | DIN | JIS (Japan) | GB (China) | Typical Process | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D2 | 1.2379 | SKD11 | Cr12MoV | Hardening + Tempering | Punches, dies, shear blades |
Tool Steels – Hot Work
Heat-resistant tool steels for hot dies and die-casting applications.
| AISI | DIN | JIS (Japan) | GB (China) | Typical Process | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H11 | 1.2343 | SKD6 | 4Cr5MoSiV | Hardening + Double Temper | Hot punches, extrusion tools |
| H13 | 1.2344 | SKD61 | 4Cr5MoSiV1 | Hardening + Double Temper | Die casting dies, hot forming dies |
Stainless Steels (Heat-Treatable)
SS 300 series removed. Only grades commonly heat-treated are shown.
| AISI | DIN | JIS (Japan) | GB (China) | Typical Process | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 410 / 420 | X20Cr13 / X30Cr13 | SUS410 / SUS420 | 1Cr13 / 2Cr13 | Hardening + Tempering | Shafts, valves, pump parts |
Nitriding Steels
Grades commonly used for nitriding and surface wear resistance.
| EN | DIN | JIS (Japan) | GB (China) | Typical Process | Common Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EN41B | 31CrMoV9 | SACM645 | 38CrMoAlA | Gas / Liquid Nitriding | Wear-resistant shafts, spindles, dies |